Exploring the Properties and Applications of Chemical Compound with CAS No 139-07-1

Understanding CAS Number 139-07-1 A Closer Look at 4-Nitrophenol

In the realm of chemistry, the Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) has developed a unique system that assigns a numerical identifier to every chemical substance, known as a CAS number. One such number, 139-07-1, corresponds to 4-nitrophenol. This compound is of significant interest across various fields including pharmaceuticals, materials science, and environmental studies. In this article, we will explore the properties, applications, and safety precautions related to 4-nitrophenol.

Properties of 4-Nitrophenol

4-Nitrophenol, also referred to by its systematic name para-nitrophenol, is an organic compound with the molecular formula C6H5NO3. It appears as a yellow crystalline solid, and its structure features a hydroxyl group (-OH) and a nitro group (-NO2) positioned at the para (1,4) position on the benzene ring. This arrangement influences both its chemical behavior and its reactivity in various applications.

4-Nitrophenol has a melting point of approximately 114°C and is soluble in water, alcohol, and ether. Its solubility in water, although moderate, plays a crucial role in its functionality within biological and environmental contexts. The compound exhibits weak acidity, with a pKa value of around 7.1, allowing it to engage in various chemical reactions, including electrophilic substitution.

4-Nitrophenol's diverse array of applications begins in the field of organic synthesis. It serves as a precursor for manufacturing various pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and dyes. The nitro group of 4-nitrophenol can undergo reduction to produce amino compounds, which are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of important drugs.

In addition to its role as a chemical intermediate, 4-nitrophenol is also used as a reagent in various analytical chemistry applications. Its distinct color changes under different pH levels make it an effective pH indicator, particularly in colorimetric titrations. This property is utilized in laboratories to assess the acidity or basicity of different solutions.

Furthermore, 4-nitrophenol has gained attention in the field of material sciences, specifically in the production of polymers and resins. The compound can be involved in synthesizing polyurethane and other polymeric materials that possess unique physical properties, making them suitable for specific industrial applications.

Environmental and Safety Considerations

Despite its numerous applications, it is crucial to recognize the environmental and health implications associated with 4-nitrophenol. The compound is classified as a hazardous substance, and exposure can occur through ingestion, inhalation, or skin contact. It is known to cause skin and eye irritation and may be harmful if swallowed or inhaled. Prolonged exposure to 4-nitrophenol has been linked to hemolytic anemia and liver damage in laboratory animals.

Due to its potential environmental impact, 4-nitrophenol is monitored and regulated in various countries. It can contaminate water bodies due to industrial discharges or improper disposal, leading to concerns regarding its toxicity to aquatic life. Therefore, proper handling, storage, and disposal methods are essential to mitigate risks associated with this compound.

To ensure safety while working with 4-nitrophenol, it is essential to follow stringent laboratory protocols. Personal protective equipment (PPE), such as gloves, goggles, and lab coats, should always be utilized. Proper ventilation is crucial, and waste disposal should comply with local regulations to minimize any environmental impact.

Conclusion

In conclusion, CAS number 139-07-1 identifies 4-nitrophenol, a compound integral to various chemical processes and applications. Its unique properties make it a valuable substance in organic synthesis, analytical chemistry, and materials science. However, it is vital to handle 4-nitrophenol with caution due to its potential health risks and environmental impacts. As we continue to explore the multifaceted roles of chemical compounds like 4-nitrophenol, we must also prioritize safety and sustainability in our scientific endeavors.