Coagulation and flocculation are an essential part of drinking water treatment as well as wastewater treatment. This article provides an overview of the processes and looks at the latest thinking. Material for this article was largely taken from reference1.

Coagulation and flocculation are essential components of both drinking water and wastewater treatment. They provide a reliable process for treating water turbidity (the cloudiness or haziness of a fluid typically invisible to the naked eye), which is a key test of water quality. In wastewater treatment, they enable up to 90% reduction in suspended solids and organic loads.

Flocculation is the chemical process in which the colloidal particles come out of suspension to sediment down in flake or floc spontaneously or by adding clarifying agents. This process is different from precipitation as in a liquid, the colloidal particles in flocculation are suspended. In the form of a stable dispersion, the colloidal particles are truly not dissolved in the solution. Being held together by the analogous force to the surface tension in the liquid, these flocculation flakes can be easily disrupted.

Metering pumps and Mixers are used in various processes within municipal and industrial water and wastewater treatment. These products are critical in various treatment processes; such as disinfection, pH balance, filtration, coagulation, and flocculation. Reliable and accurate products enable water treaters to focus on the process at hand by trusting supporting equipment.

Coagulation in water treatment and flocculation are two separate and crucial processes for guaranteeing a swimming pool is kept clean. Used one after another, these two techniques clean water by overcoming the forces that would otherwise stabilize suspended particles.

Suspended particles cannot be removed completely by plain settling. Large, heavy particles settle out readily, but smaller and lighter particles settle very slowly or in some cases do not settle at all. Because of this, the sedimentation step is usually preceded by a chemical process known as coagulation.

One of the challenges for any water or municipal wastewater treatment plant is being able to remove the vast majority of waste particles from the water, quickly and efficiently. Coagulation and flocculation for wastewater treatment represent tested ways to improve efficiency and remove a high volume of particles. Here’s what you need to know about these two processes.

Flocculation and coagulation treatment chemicals are used in effluent wastewater water treatment processes for solids removal, water clarification, lime softening, sludge thickening, and solids dewatering.

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