I-Polyol phosphate

I-Phosphate polyol iwuhlobo lwamakhemikhali anefomula yamangqamuzana e-po4hr1r2.

ulwazi olubalulekile

Igama lesiShayina: i-polyol phosphate

I-Polyglycerol phosphate

Ifomula yemolekyuli: po4hr1r2

Ukubukeka: uketshezi olungenambala noma oluphuzi olusobala

Isibizo: i-polyether phosphate

N1, N2 kanye N3 kungaba 0 noma 1, ngokulandelana.

Izici ze-physicochemical zalesi sigaba zimi kanje:

Ama-Polyol phosphates angahlukaniswa abe izinhlobo ezimbili: uhlobo A yi-polyoxyethylene ether phosphate, okunamathiselwe okunsundu; uhlobo B i-nitrogen-container polyol phosphate, ingxube yezinhlanganisela ze-polyhydroxy, okuwuketshezi olumnyama lwe-viscous. Ukuncibilika kwe-organic phosphoric acid evamile emanzini kuncipha ngokwanda kwenombolo ye-athomu ye-alkyl carbon athomu. Kokubili ama-monoester nama-diesters e-phosphate esters ane-acidic futhi angabola ama-ion e-hydrogen esixazululo esinamanzi; ku-alkaline medium, lokhu kubola kuyashesha. Nakuba ihamba kancane kune-polyphosphate, kulula ukuyikhipha emanzini okushisa aphezulu kanye nezimo ze-alkaline. Izinga le-hydrolysis liphindwe izikhathi ezingu-10 kunalokho endaweni ephakathi nendawo. Uma kwenzeka i-hydrolysis, ukugqwala nokuvinjelwa kwesikali kuzolahleka. I-phosphate eyakhiwe ingahlangana nama-ion e-calcium emanzini ukwenza isikali se-calcium phosphate esinokuncibilika okuncane.

Ukugoqa ukwakheka kokuhlela lesi sigaba

Ngokuvamile, i-glycerol i-oxidized nge-phosphate bese i-esterified nge-phosphonic acid. Ukusabela kwe-oxidation ye-glycerol imi kanje: ukuxuba i-glycerol ne-powder caustic soda, ukushisa ku-150 ℃ ngaphansi kokuvikelwa kwegesi engasebenzi, bese wengeza i-ethylene oxide ku-ethylene oxide ngokwesilinganiso se-molar ye-ethylene oxide ku-glycerol engu-2:1, nokugcina izinga lokushisa elingu-150-160 ℃. Uma i-ethylene oxide yengezwa futhi igcinwa isikhathi esithile (njenge-1.2 h), i-oxygen ethylation ye-glycerol ingabhekwa njengokuqedwa. Kule nqubo, ukungezwa kwe-caustic soda akhawunti cishe ku-0.1% yenani eliphelele le-glycerol ne-ethylene oxide. I-phosphonate esterification ye-polyoxyethylene ether ne-glycerin yenziwa ku-reactor ngesilinganiso esikhulu esingu-4.5: 1, ishiselwe ku-50 ℃, bese i-phosphorus pentoxide yengezwa kancane kancane ku-reactor ngokwesilinganiso se-phosphorus pentoxide / polyoxyethylene ether glycerol. 1:1.1 ~ 1.2, futhi izinga lokushisa lalingekho ngaphezu kuka-125 ~ 135 ℃. Ngemuva kokuthi i-phosphorus pentoxide seyengeziwe, izinto eziku-reactor ziba sobala ngemva kokubamba isikhathi esithile, okusho ukuthi inqubo ye-esterification isiqediwe. Engeza amanzi ukupholisa i-phosphate ekugxiliseni okudingekayo kokubekwe eceleni. Indlela yokwenziwa imi kanje:

Uma i-r-0h + H3PO4 ishiselwa ukuze yakhe i-r-h2po4 + H20

(R-0) 2po2h + H2O yalungiswa ngokushisisa 2R OH + H3PO4

I-Ro-pcl4 + 3H2O isabela ku-r-h2po4 + 4hcl

I-Ethylene glycol, i-ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, i-polyoxyethylene ether, i-glycerol ne-triethanolamine yashiswa yaba ngu-75-85 ℃ ngaphansi kokunyakaziswa nokuxutshwa, kwase kwengezwa i-phosphorus pentoxide kancane kancane. Ngemuva kokuthi i-phosphorus pentoxide yengezwe, izinga lokushisa lokusabela lilawulwa ku-130-140 ℃ ngamahora angu-1-2. amanzi engezwe ukupholisa ingxube ye-phosphoric acid ukuze kufinyelelwe endaweni ebekiwe yokuhlola. Isilinganiso sama-reactants kwakuyi-triethanolamine, futhi ingxube yokusabela engcono kakhulu yayingu-60:40 ~ 40:60 (isilinganiso sobuningi). I-optimum mass ratio ye-ethylene glycol, i-ethylene glycol monoether ne-polyoxyethylene ether glycerol ngu-1:4:4. I-ethylene glycol monoethyl ether ingangezwa izikhathi ezimbili, enye yengezwa kanye ne-ethylene glycol ne-polyoxyethylene ether glycerin ngaphambi kokusabela, kanti enye yengezwa ngesikhathi sokubamba esingu-140 ℃.

Goqa hlela imibandela yekhwalithi yalesi sigaba

Bheka izidingo zobuchwepheshe ezicaciswe kumkhakha ojwayelekile we-hg2228-91

iphrojekthi

inkomba

Okuqukethwe okuqinile% ≥amashumi amahlanu

Ingqikithi yokuqukethwe kwe-phosphorus (kubalwe nge-PO4)% ≥amashumi amathathu

Kubalwe ngokuqukethwe kwe-PO4 ≥ishumi nanhlanu

PH (1% isixazululo samanzi)2.0-3.0

Indlela yokuthola yokugoqa ukuhlela lesi sigaba

Ukuhlolwa kwenziwa ngokwendlela eshiwo ku-hg2228-91 ejwayelekile.

Imikhiqizo ye-Class a iqukethe ama-Organic phosphonates (okuhlanganisa i-organic mono nama-bisphosphonates) kanye ne-phosphorus pentoxide (ukwakha i-inorganic phosphoric acid ngamanzi), engashintshwa ngokuqhubekayo ngendlela ye-neutralization.